A Letter To Patients With Chronic Disease

Posted on January 10, 2026 by MaryO

MaryO’Note:  Dr. Rob was interviewed by Robin (staticnrg) and Mary O’Connor (MaryO) October 2, 2008 on BlogTalkRadio Cushing’s Help

Listen to this interview here: http://www.blogtalkradio.com/cushingshelp/2008/10/03/robin-staticnrg-and-mary-oconnor-maryo-interview-dr-rob-1

July 14, 2010
by Rob Lamberts

Dear Patients: You have it very hard, much harder than most people understand.  Having sat for 16 years listening to the stories, seeing the tiredness in your eyes, hearing you try to describe the indescribable, I have come to understand that I too can’t understand what your lives are like.  How do you answer the question, “how do you feel?” when you’ve forgotten what “normal” feels like?  How do you deal with all of the people who think you are exaggerating your pain, your emotions, your fatigue?  How do you decide when to believe them or when to trust your own body?  How do you cope with living a life that won’t let you forget about your frailty, your limits, your mortality?

I can’t imagine.

But I do bring something to the table that you may not know.  I do have information that you can’t really understand because of your unique perspective, your battered world.  There is something that you need to understand that, while it won’t undo your pain, make your fatigue go away, or lift your emotions, it will help you.  It’s information without which you bring yourself more pain than you need suffer; it’s a truth that is a key to getting the help you need much easier than you have in the past.  It may not seem important, but trust me, it is.

You scare doctors.

No, I am not talking about the fear of disease, pain, or death.  I am not talking about doctors being afraid of the limits of their knowledge.  I am talking about your understanding of a fact that everyone else seems to miss, a fact that many doctors hide from: we are normal, fallible people who happen to doctor for a job.  We are not special.  In fact, many of us are very insecure, wanting to feel the affirmation of people who get better, hearing the praise of those we help.  We want to cure disease, to save lives, to be the helping hand, the right person in the right place at the right time.

But chronic unsolvable disease stands square in our way.  You don’t get better, and it makes many of us frustrated, and it makes some of us mad at you.  We don’t want to face things we can’t fix because it shows our limits.  We want the miraculous, and you deny us that chance.

And since this is the perspective you have when you see doctors, your view of them is quite different.  You see us getting frustrated.  You see us when we feel like giving up.  When we take care of you, we have to leave behind the illusion of control, of power over disease.  We get angry, feel insecure, and want to move on to a patient who we can fix, save, or impress.  You are the rock that proves how easily the ship can be sunk.  So your view of doctors is quite different.

Then there is the fact that you also possess something that is usually our domain: knowledge.  You know more about your disease than many of us do – most of us do.  Your MS, rheumatoid arthritis, end-stage kidney disease, Cushing’s disease, bipolar disorder, chronic pain disorder, brittle diabetes, or disabling psychiatric disorder – your defining pain –  is something most of us don’t regularly encounter.  It’s something most of us try to avoid.  So you possess deep understanding of something that many doctors don’t possess.  Even doctors who specialize in your disorder don’t share the kind of knowledge you can only get through living with a disease.  It’s like a parent’s knowledge of their child versus that of a pediatrician.  They may have breadth of knowledge, but you have depth of knowledge that no doctor can possess.

So when you approach a doctor – especially one you’ve never met before – you come with a knowledge of your disease that they don’t have, and a knowledge of the doctor’s limitations that few other patients have.  You see why you scare doctors?  It’s not your fault that you do, but ignoring this fact will limit the help you can only get from them.  I know this because, just like you know your disease better than any doctor, I know what being a doctor feels like more than any patient could ever understand.  You encounter doctors intermittently (more than you wish, perhaps); I live as a doctor continuously.

So let me be so bold as to give you advice on dealing with doctors.  There are some things you can do to make things easier, and others that can sabotage any hope of a good relationship:

  1. Don’t come on too strong – yes, you have to advocate for yourself, but remember that doctors are used to being in control.  All of the other patients come into the room with immediate respect, but your understanding has torn down the doctor-god illusion.  That’s a good thing in the long-run, but few doctors want to be greeted with that reality from the start.  Your goal with any doctor is to build a partnership of trust that goes both ways, and coming on too strong at the start can hurt your chances of ever having that.
  2. Show respect – I say this one carefully, because there are certainly some doctors who don’t treat patients with respect – especially ones like you with chronic disease.  These doctors should be avoided.  But most of us are not like that; we really want to help people and try to treat them well.  But we have worked very hard to earn our position; it was not bestowed by fiat or family tree.  Just as you want to be listened to, so do we.
  3. Keep your eggs in only a few baskets – find a good primary care doctor and a couple of specialists you trust.  Don’t expect a new doctor to figure things out quickly.  It takes me years of repeated visits to really understand many of my chronic disease patients.  The best care happens when a doctor understands the patient and the patient understands the doctor.  This can only happen over time.  Heck, I struggle even seeing the chronically sick patients for other doctors in my practice.  There is something very powerful in having understanding built over time.
  4. Use the ER only when absolutely needed – Emergency room physicians will always struggle with you.  Just expect that.  Their job is to decide if you need to be hospitalized, if you need emergency treatment, or if you can go home.  They might not fix your pain, and certainly won’t try to fully understand you.  That’s not their job.  They went into their specialty to fix problems quickly and move on, not manage chronic disease.  The same goes for any doctor you see for a short time: they will try to get done with you as quickly as possible.
  5. Don’t avoid doctors – one of the most frustrating things for me is when a complicated patient comes in after a long absence with a huge list of problems they want me to address.  I can’t work that way, and I don’t think many doctors can.  Each visit should address only a few problems at a time, otherwise things get confused and more mistakes are made.  It’s OK to keep a list of your own problems so things don’t get left out – I actually like getting those lists, as long as people don’t expect me to handle all of the problems.  It helps me to prioritize with them.
  6. Don’t put up with the jerks – unless you have no choice (in the ER, for example), you should keep looking until you find the right doctor(s) for you.  Some docs are not cut out for chronic disease, while some of us like the long-term relationship.  Don’t feel you have to put up with docs who don’t listen or minimize your problems.  At the minimum, you should be able to find a doctor who doesn’t totally suck.
  7. Forgive us – Sometimes I forget about important things in my patients’ lives.  Sometimes I don’t know you’ve had surgery or that your sister comes to see me as well.  Sometimes I avoid people because I don’t want to admit my limitations.  Be patient with me – I usually know when I’ve messed up, and if you know me well I don’t mind being reminded.  Well, maybe I mind it a little.

You know better than anyone that we docs are just people – with all the stupidity, inconsistency, and fallibility that goes with that – who happen to doctor for a living.  I hope this helps, and I really hope you get the help you need.  It does suck that you have your problem; I just hope this perhaps decreases that suckishness a little bit.

Sincerely,

Dr. Rob

Post Script: This post has generated a huge amount of conversation and interest (as witnessed by the large number of comments!).  I very much appreciate the dialogue it has spawned both here and across the web.  I’ve subsequently written follow-up posts explaining my thoughts in more detail – largely in response to the comments here.  One of them discusses in more detail my own experiences as a doctor and the second talks of the importance of  knowing and being known.  Reading these will give you a better picture of my thought process and perspective on this.Dr. Rob

From http://more-distractible.org/musings/2010/07/14/a-letter-to-patients-with-chronic-disease

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Participating in Life

Posted on January 7, 2026 by MaryO

I think that this is so important, especially with our health.  Had I not been an active participant and followed several doctors’ advice 25 years ago, I’d most likely not been here to write this.

I see this all the time, though.  Whatever the doctor says is true.  People will say that the doctor gave me this or that med but they don’t know what it is for.

I just don’t get how people can take meds and not have a clue what they are, how they work, how they might interact with other drugs they may be taking.  But it happens because people blindly follow whatever a doctor may give them.

Participation is so important – you have to know how YOU’RE feeling, what YOUR symptom are.  Do your own research.  Your doctor doesn’t know what it feels like to live in your body no matter how much you try to tell him/her.

Ultimately, you are the one who cares most about yourself and the only one who can make a difference through your research, thoughts and actions.

Just because a doctor gives you something, you don’t have to take it.  24 years ago a locally well-known neurologist “gave me” Xanax. Since he couldn’t see my tumor with his Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine there was “no possibility” that it existed.  Had I followed his advice, taken the Xanax and stopped pursuing a Cushing’s diagnosis I would most have likely died by now.

The doctor was going by the odds.  The odds were that I really didn’t have a pituitary tumor.  But I’m not a statistic and neither are you.  Follow your instincts and take care of YOU.  This is the only life you’ll ever have.

The most healing thing we can do for ourselves is to participate in the process of our lives as fully as we can-even when the unexpected and the fearful happen.

~Today’s Page-a-Day calendar

What do YOU do to keep participating in your health care and daily life?

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On Becoming Empowered

Posted on January 1, 2026 by MaryO

This is kind of a “cheat” post since it’s a compilation of other posts, web pages, message board posts and some original thoughts.  

For all of my early life, I was the good, compliant, patient.  I took whatever pills the doctor prescribed, did whatever tests h/she (most always a he) wrote for.  Believed that whatever he said was the absolute truth.  He had been to med school.  He knew what was wrong with me even though he didn’t live in my body 24/7 and experience what I did.

I know a lot of people are still like this.  Their doctor is like a god to them.  He can do no wrong – even if they don’t feel any better after treatment, even if they feel worse.  “But the doctor said…”

Anyway, I digress.

All this changed for me in 1983.

At first I noticed I’d stopped having my periods and, of course, I thought I was pregnant. I went to my Gynecologist who had no explanation. Lots of women lose their periods for a variety of reasons so no one thought that this was really significant.

Then I got really tired, overly tired. I would take my son to a half hour Choir rehearsal and could not stay awake for the whole time. I would lie down in the back of the van, set an alarm and sleep for the 30 minutes.

A whole raft of other symptoms started appearing – I grew a beard (Hirsuitism), gained weight even though I was on Weight Watchers and working out at the gym nearly every day, lost my period, everything hurt, got what is called a “moon face” and a “buffalo hump” on the back of my neck. I also got stretch marks. I was very depressed but it’s hard to say if that was because of the hormone imbalance or because I felt so bad and no one would listen to me.

I came across a little article in the Ladies Home Journal magazine which said “If you have these symptoms…ask your doctor about Cushing’s”. After that, I started reading everything I could on Cushing’s and asking my doctors. Due to all my reading at the library and medical books I bought, I was sure I had Cushing’s but no one would believe me. Doctors would say that Cushing’s Disease is too rare, that I was making this up and that I couldn’t have it.

I asked doctors for three years – PCP, gynecologist, neurologist, podiatrist – all said the now-famous refrain.  It’s too rare.  You couldn’t have Cushing’s.  I kept persisting in my reading, making copies of library texts even when I didn’t understand them, keeping notes.  I just knew that someone, somewhere would “discover” that I had Cushing’s.

My husband was on the doctors’ sides.  He was sure it was all in my mind (as opposed to all in my head!) and he told me to just think “happy thoughts” and it would all go away.

A Neurologist gave me Xanax. Since he couldn’t see my tumor with his Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine there was “no possibility” that it existed. Boy was he wrong!

Later in 1986 I started bruising incredibly easily. I could touch my skin and get a bruise. On New Year’s Day of 1987 I started bleeding under the skin. My husband made circles around the outside perimeter each hour with a marker, like the rings of a tree. When I went to my Internist the next day he was shocked at the size. He now thought I had a blood disorder so he sent me to a Hematologist/Oncologist.

Fortunately, the Hematologist/Oncologist ran a twenty-four hour urine test and really looked at me. Both he and his partner recognized that I had Cushing’s. Of course, he was sure that he did the diagnosis.  No matter that I had been pursuing this with other doctors for 3 years.

It was not yet determined if it was Cushing’s Disease (Pituitary) or Syndrome (Adrenal). However, he couldn’t help me any further so the Hematologist referred me to an Endocrinologist.

The Endocrinologist, of course, didn’t trust the other tests I had had done so I was back to square one. He ran his own multitude of tests. He had to draw blood at certain times like 9 AM. and 5 PM. There was a dexamethasone suppression test where I took a pill at 10 p.m. and gave blood at 9 am the next day. I collected gallons of urine in BIG boxes (Fun in the fridge!). Those were from 6 a.m. to 6 a.m. to be delivered to his office by 9 a.m. same day. I was always worried that I’d be stopped in rush hour and the police would ask about what was in that big container. I think I did those for a week. He also did standard neurological tests and asked lots of questions.

When the endo confirmed that I had Cushing’s in 1987 he sent me to a local hospital where they repeated all those same tests for another week and decided that it was not my adrenal gland (Cushing’s Syndrome) creating the problem. The doctors and nurses had no idea what to do with me, so they put me on the brain cancer ward.

When I left this hospital after a week, we didn’t know any more than we had before.

As luck would have it, NIH (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland) was doing a clinical trial of Cushing’s. I live in the same area as NIH so it was not too inconvenient but very scary at first to think of being tested there. At that time I only had a choice of NIH, Mayo Clinic and a place in Quebec to do this then-rare pituitary surgery called a Transsphenoidal Resection. I chose NIH – closest and free. After I was interviewed by the Doctors there, I got a letter that I had been accepted into the clinical trial. The first time I was there was for 6 weeks as an inpatient. More of the same tests.

There were about 12 of us there and it was nice not to be alone with this mystery disease. Many of these Cushies (mostly women) were getting bald, couldn’t walk, having strokes, had diabetes. One was blind, one had a heart attack while I was there. Towards the end of my testing period, I was looking forward to the surgery just to get this whole mess over with. While I was at NIH, I was gaining about a pound a day!

The MRI still showed nothing, so they did a Petrosal Sinus Sampling Test. That scared me more than the prospect of surgery. (This test carries the risk of stroke and uncontrollable bleeding from the incision points.) Catheters were fed from my groin area to my pituitary gland and dye was injected. I could watch the whole procedure on monitors. I could not move during this test or for several hours afterwards to prevent uncontrolable bleeding from a major artery. The test did show where the tumor probably was located. Also done were more sophisticated dexamethasone suppression tests where drugs were administered by IV and blood was drawn every hour (they put a heplock in my arm so they don’t have to keep sticking me). I got to go home for a weekend and then went back for the surgery – the Transsphenoidal Resection. I fully expected to die during surgery (and didn’t care if I did) so I signed my will and wrote last letters to those I wanted to say goodbye to. During the time I was home just before surgery, a college classmate of mine (I didn’t know her) did die at NIH of a Cushing’s-related problem. I’m so glad I didn’t find out until a couple months later!

November 3, 1987, the surgeon, Dr. Ed Oldfield, cut the gum above my front teeth under my upper lip so there is no scar. He used tiny tools and microscopes. My tumor was removed successfully. In some cases (not mine) the surgeon uses a plug of fat from the abdomen to help seal the cut. Afterwards, I was in intensive care overnight and went to a neurology ward for a few days until I could walk without being dizzy. I had some major headaches for a day or two but they gave me drugs (morphine) for those. Also, I had cotton plugs in my nostrils. It was a big day when they came out. I had diabetes insipidus (DI) for a little while, but that went away by itself – thank goodness!

I had to use a foam product called “Toothies” to brush my teeth without hitting the incision. Before they let me go home, I had to learn to give myself an injection in my thigh. They sent me home with a supply of injectible cortisone in case my level ever fell too low (it didn’t). I was weaned gradually off cortisone pills (scary). I now take no medications. I had to get a Medic Alert bracelet. I will always need to tell medical staff when I have any kind of procedure – the effects of my excess cortisone will remain forever.

I went back to the NIH for several follow-up visits of a week each where they did all the blood and urine testing again. After a few years NIH set me free. Now I go to my “outside” endocrinologist every year for the dexamethasone suppression test, 24-hour urine and regular blood testing.

As I get further away from my surgery, I have less and less chance that my tumor will grow back. I have never lost all the weight I gained and I still have the hair on my chin but most of my other symptoms are gone. I am still and always tired and need a nap most days. I do not, however, still need to take whole days off just to sleep.

I consider myself very lucky that I was treated before I got as bad as some of the others on my floor at NIH but think it is crazy that these symptoms are not taken seriously by doctors.

My story goes on and if you’re interested some is on this blog and some is here:

Forbes Magazine | MaryO’s bio | Cushing’s and Cancer Blog | Cushing’s Awareness Day Testimonial Archive |

Because of this experience in getting a Cushing’s diagnosis – and later, a prescription for growth hormone – I was concerned that there were probably other people not being diagnosed with Cushing’s. When I searched online for Cushing’s, all the sites that came up were for dogs and horses with Cushing’s.  Not what I was looking for!

In July of 2000, I was talking with my dear friend Alice, who ran a wonderful menopause site, Power Surge, wondering why there weren’t many support groups online (OR off!) for Cushing’s.  This thought percolated through my mind for a few hours and I realized that maybe this was my calling.  Maybe I should be the one to start a network of support for other “Cushies” to help them empower themselves.

I wanted to educate others about the awful disease that took doctors years of my life to diagnose and treat – even after I gave them the information to diagnose me.  I didn’t want anyone else to suffer for years like I did.  I wanted doctors to pay more attention to Cushing’s disease.

The first website (http://www.cushings-help.com) went “live” July 21, 2000.  It was just a single page of information. The message boards began September 30, 2000 with a simple message board which then led to a larger one, and a larger.  Today, in 2010, we have over 7 thousand members.  Some “rare disease”!

The message boards are stillactive and we have weekly online text chats, weekly live interviews, local meetings, conferences, email newsletters, a clothing exchange, a Cushing’s Awareness Day Forum, podcasts, phone support and much more. Because I wanted to spread the word to others not on “the boards” we have extended out to social networking sites – twitter groups, facebook groups, twines, friendfeeds, newsletters, websites, chat groups, multiply.com, and much, much more.

People are becoming more empowered and participating in their own diagnoses, testing and treatment.  This have changed a lot since 1983!

When I had my Cushing’s over 40 years ago (AARRGGHH!), I never thought that I would meet another Cushing’s patient in real life or online. Back then, I’d never even been aware that there was anything like an “online”. I’m so glad that people struggling with Cushing’s today don’t have to suffer anymore thinking that they’re the only one who deals with this.

Because of my work on the websites – and, believe me it is a ton of work! – I have had the honor of meeting over a hundred other Cushies personally at local meetings, conferences, at NIH (the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD where I had my final diagnosis and surgery). It occurred to me once that this is probably more than most endocrinologists will ever see in their entire career. I’ve also talked to countless others on the phone. Amazing for a “rare” disease!

I don’t know what pushed me in 1983, how I got the confidence and self-empowerment to challenge these doctors and their non-diagnoses over the years.  I’m glad that I didn’t suffer any longer than I did and I’m glad that I have a role in helping others to find the medical help that they need.

What do *YOU* think?  How are you becoming empowered?

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Cushing’s, Cancer and Other Serious Diseases

Posted on December 2, 2025 by MaryO

I was drawn to this blog post because the author mentioned that she had both Cushing’s and cancer, a kind of unusual combination.

1974 to Today: Seal it up
By Experience
I still haven’t heard what the consensus is on my aftercare: Cushing’s and Cancer. I don’t know what I will be expecting to feel like after surgery. My endocrinologist said that I should get sick after the surgery and need some kind of …
1974 to Today – http://1974totoday.blogspot.com/

I don’t usually comment on blog posts but I did on this one because we seem to share so much, disease-wise.

I said

Hi, I was drawn to your blog post because I have a blog with the same name, Cushings & Cancer.

I had my Cushing’s long ago and my cancer (kidney aka renal cell carcinoma) was 3 years ago but I sure know where you’re coming for.

My surgeon contacted my endo for the amounts of steroids during surgery (they came through the IV) then post-op, they kept cutting my dose in half until I was back down to normal.
Generally, you stress-dose after surgery if you feel like you have a flu coming on. Has your endo given you Cortef or another steroid to take for emergencies like this? Sometimes, they will give you an injectible to be faster acting.

Best of luck with the cancer surgery AND your Cushing’s.
MaryO

I sure hope that this isn’t a trend, Cushies getting cancer although I know of a couple others on the boards getting cancer.

I suppose Cushing’s doesn’t make us any more immune to other diseases but it seems like it should.

Haven’t we already “done our time”?

OTOH, I have a friend with a serious cancer (aren’t they all?)  who recently learned that she has a second, unrelated, cancer.  Makes you wonder sometimes.

What other diseases have you had in addition to your Cushing’s?

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Is Cushing Syndrome More Common in the US Than We Think?

Posted on June 11, 2024 by MaryO

I think members of the Cushing’s Help boards have been saying this forever!  Cushing’s isn’t all that rare.  Just rarely diagnosed,

 

BOSTON — The prevalence of Cushing syndrome (CS) in the United States may be considerably higher than currently appreciated, new data from a single US institution suggest.

In contrast to estimates of 1 to 3 cases per million patient-years from population-based European studies, researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, estimated that the incidence of CS in Wisconsin is a minimum of 7.2 cases per million patient-years. What’s more, contrary to all previous studies, they found that adrenal Cushing syndrome was more common than pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)– secreting tumors (Cushing disease), and that fewer than half of individuals with adrenal Cushing syndrome had classic physical features of hypercortisolism, such as weight gain, round face, excessive hair growth, and stretch marks.

“Cases are absolutely being missed…. Clinicians should realize that cortisol excess is not rare. It may not be common, but it needs to be considered in patients with any constellation of features that are seen in cortisol excess,” study investigator Ty B. Carroll, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, and the Endocrine Fellowship Program Director at Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, told Medscape Medical News.

There are several contributing factors, he noted, “including the obesity and diabetes epidemics which make some clinical features of cortisol excess more common and less notable. Providers get used to seeing patients with some features of cortisol excess and don’t think to screen. The consequence of this is more difficult-to-control diabetes and hypertension, more advance metabolic bone disease, and likely more advanced cardiovascular disease, all resulting from extended exposure to cortisol excess,” he said.

Are Milder Cases the Ones Being Missed?

Asked to comment, session moderator Sharon L. Wardlaw, MD, professor of medicine at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, said “When we talk about Cushing [syndrome], we usually think of pituitary ACTH as more [common], followed by adrenal adenomas, and then ectopic. But they’re seeing more adrenal adenoma…we are probably diagnosing this a little more now.”

She also suggested that the Wisconsin group may have a lower threshold for diagnosing the milder cortisol elevation seen with adrenal Cushing syndrome. “If you screen for Cushing with a dexamethasone suppression test…[i]f you have autonomous secretion by the adrenal, you don’t suppress as much…. When you measure 24-hour urinary cortisol, it may be normal. So you’re in this in-between [state]…. Maybe in Wisconsin they’re diagnosing it more. Or, maybe it’s just being underdiagnosed in other places.”

She also pointed out that “you can’t diagnose it unless you think of it. I’m not so sure that with these mild cases it’s so much that it’s more common, but maybe it’s like thyroid nodules, where we didn’t know about it until everybody started getting all of these CT scans. We’re now seeing all these incidental thyroid nodules…I don’t think we’re missing florid Cushing.”

However, Wardlaw said, it’s probably worthwhile to detect even milder hypercortisolism because it could still have long-term damaging effects, including osteoporosis, muscle weakness, glucose intolerance, and frailty. “You could do something about it and normalize it if you found it. I think that would be the reason to do it.”

Is Wisconsin Representative of Cushing Everywhere?

Carroll presented the findings at the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society. He began by noting that most of the previous CS incidence studies, with estimates of 1.2-3.2 cases per million per year, come from European data published from 1994 to 2019 and collected as far back as 1955. The method of acquisition of patients and the definitions of confirmed cases varied widely in those studies, which reported CS etiologies of ACTH-secreting neoplasms (pituitary or ectopic) in 75%-85% and adrenal-dependent cortisol excess in 15%-20%.

The current study included data from clinic records between May 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022, of Wisconsin residents newly diagnosed with and treated for CS. The CS diagnosis was established with standard guideline-supported biochemical testing and appropriate imaging. Patients with exogenous and non-neoplastic hypercortisolism and those who did not receive therapy for CS were excluded.

A total of 185 patients (73% female, 27% male) were identified from 27 of the total 72 counties in Wisconsin, representing a population of 4.5 million. On the basis of the total 5.9 million population of Wisconsin, the incidence of CS in the state works out to 7.2 cases per million population per year, Carroll said.

However, data from the Wisconsin Hospital Association show that the University of Wisconsin’s Milwaukee facility treated just about half of patients in the state who are discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of CS during 2019-2023. “So…that means that an actual or approximate incidence of 14-15 cases per million per year rather than the 7.2 cases that we produce,” he said.

Etiologies were 60% adrenal (111 patients), 36.8% pituitary (68 patients), and 3.2% ectopic (6 patients). Those proportions were similar between genders.

On biochemical testing, values for late-night salivary cortisol, dexamethasone suppression, and urinary free cortisol were highest for the ectopic group (3.189 µg/dL, 42.5 µg/dL, and 1514.2 µg/24 h, respectively) and lowest for the adrenal group (0.236 µg/dL, 6.5 µg/dL, and 64.2 µg/24 h, respectively). All differences between groups were highly statistically significant, at P < .0001, Carroll noted.

Classic physical features of CS were present in 91% of people with pituitary CS and 100% of those ectopic CS but just 44% of individuals with adrenal CS. “We found that adrenal-dependent disease was the most common form of Cushing syndrome. It frequently presented without classic physical features that may be due to the milder biochemical presentation,” he concluded.

Carroll reports consulting and investigator fees from Corcept Therapeutics. Wardlaw has no disclosures. 

Miriam E. Tucker is a freelance journalist based in the Washington DC area. She is a regular contributor to Medscape, with other work appearing in The Washington Post, NPR’s Shots blog, and Diatribe. She is on X (formerly Twitter) @MiriamETucker.

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Medscape Medical News © 2024 WebMD, LLCSend comments and news tips to news@medscape.net.

Cite this: Is Cushing Syndrome More Common in the US Than We Think? – Medscape – June 07, 2024.

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