Doctor’s Notes: Part 2, Adrenal

Posted on July 6, 2013 by MaryO
The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys.

The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Acronyms or abbreviations for “Adrenal”

AD: adrenal vein
AG: adrenal gland
AdNA: adrenal gland
AC: adrenal cortex
adc: adrenal cortex
ADM: adrenal medulla
AA: adrenal adenoma
AF: adrenal failure
AM: adrenal medulla
AA: adrenal androgen
PA: pituitary-adrenal
AA: adrenal androgens
AAs: adrenal androgens
AM: adrenal medullary
LAV: left adrenal vein
AH: adrenal hypoplasia
AH: adrenal hemorrhage
AE: adrenal enucleation
AG: adrenal glomerulosa
AH: adrenal hyperplasia
HFA: human fetal adrenal
BAC: bovine adrenal cells
ADM: adrenal demedullation
AI: adrenal incidentaloma
AI: adrenal insufficiency
AVS: adrenal vein sampling
AI: adrenal incidentalomas
BAM: Bovine Adrenal Medulla
PAA: pituitary-adrenal axis
AMQD: Adrenal Move Quick Draw
AVS: Adrenal venous sampling
ach: adrenal cortical hormone
ACCs: adrenal chromaffin cells
AZF: adrenal zona fasciculata
BAM: Bovine adrenal medullary
PAL: Primary adrenal lymphoma
Ad4BP: Adrenal 4-binding protein
BAC: bovine adrenal chromaffin
ACC: adrenal cortical carcinoma
acca: adrenal cortical carcinoma
BAG: bovine adrenal glomerulosa
SAM: sympatho-adrenal-medullary
NAH: neonatal adrenal hemorrhage
PAH: primary adrenal hyperplasia
AHC: adrenal hypoplasia congenita
ACA: adrenal cortex autoantibodies
ACTH: adrenal corticotropic hormone
BAH: bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
CAH: congenital adrenal hypoplasia
HPA: hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal
PAI: primary adrenal insufficiency
SAM: sympathetic-adrenal medullary
cah: congenital adrenal hyperplasia
HPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
IAH: idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia
ACTH: adrenal corticotrophic hormone
ahc: adrenal hypoplasia, congenital
BAMC: bovine adrenal medullary cells
H-P-A: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
HPA: hypothalamic-adrenal-pituitary
HPA: hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
HPAA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
IHA: idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia
LOAH: late-onset adrenal hyperplasia
NCAH: nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia
UAH: unilateral adrenal hyperplasia
BACC: bovine adrenal chromaffin cells
BACCs: bovine adrenal chromaffin cells
BCC: Bovine adrenal chromaffin cells
CAH: congenital adrenal hyperplasias
HHA: hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal
BAC: bovine adrenal fasciculata cells
ARH: adrenal regeneration hypertension
HPAA: hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis
ASNA: adrenal sympathetic nerve activity
HPA: hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis
BAMC: bovine adrenal medullary chromaffin
FAH: Functional adrenal hyperandrogenism
HPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
HPA-axis: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
HPAA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
HPAA: hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
AASH: adrenal androgen stimulating hormone
BAME: bovine adrenal medullary endothelial
HPA: hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland
NADF: National Adrenal Diseases Foundation
PAMC: porcine adrenal medullary chromaffin
CLAH: congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia
APA: aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma
HPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system
HPAT: hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-thymus
LHPA: limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
PCAI: primary chronic adrenal insufficiency
HHAS: hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal system
HPA: hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal cortical
HPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortical
RAMEC: rat adrenal medullary endothelial cells
CVAH: congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia
CAH: congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia
LOCAH: late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia
LHPA: limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
NC-CAH: non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
AIMAH: ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal
pre-ASNA: preganglionic adrenal sympathetic nerve activity
AIMAH: ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia
CAHSA: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Support Association
AIMAH: ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia

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Quality of Life and Other Outcomes in Children Treated for Cushing Syndrome

Posted on June 25, 2013 by MaryO

Abstract

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 05/16/2013  Review Article  Clinical Article

Keil MF – Cushing syndrome (CS) in children is associated with residual impairment in measures of health–related quality of life, even after successful resolution of hypercortisolemia, highlighting the need for early identification of morbidities and improvements in long–term management of these patients.

A review of the literature identifies significant morbidities associated with CS of pediatric onset, which must not be treated in isolation. CS affects children and adolescents in many ways that are different than adults.

Post–treatment challenges for the child or adolescent treated for CS include: optimize growth and pubertal development, normalize body composition, and promote psychological health and cognitive maturation. All these factors impact health–related quality of life, which is an important outcome measure to assess the burden of disease as well as the effect of treatment.

Get this article here

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Endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: a good and safe primary treatment option for Cushings disease, even in case of macroadenomas or invasive adenomas.

Posted on June 24, 2013 by MaryO

Abstract – European Journal of Endocrinology, 06/24/2013  Clinical Article

Wagenmakers MA et al. – This study aims to gain insight in the role of endoscopic TS as a primary treatment option for CD, especially in patients with MRI negative CD and (invasive) macroadenomas.

The data suggest that in patients with non–invasive and invasive macroadenomas the endoscopic technique of TS should be the technique of choice as remission rates seem to be higher than remission rates reported for microscopic TS, although no comparative study has been performed.

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Research on Cushing’s Disease Presented at ENDO 2013

Posted on June 24, 2013 by MaryO

endo-chart

Researchers at PHAR, in conjunction with experts from Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, presented the results of several studies on Cushing’s disease at the Endocrine Society’s 95th Annual Meeting on June 19th, 2013.

Cushing’s disease, a pituitary disorder, is poorly studied because of its rarity. The PHAR research team reported on the incidence, treatment patterns, and annual economic burden associated with the disease–topics on which very little was previously known.

The three posters presented at ENDO can be viewed by clicking the links below:

Incidence of Cushing’s Disease in the United States

Real-World Treatment Patterns in Cushing’s Disease Patients in Two Large US Nationwide Databases: Application of a Novel, Graphical Methodology

Annual Economic Burden Associated with Cushing’s Disease in the United States

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Pasireotide for the treatment of Cushing’s disease

Posted on June 23, 2013 by MaryO

Posted online on June 17, 2013. (doi:10.1517/21678707.2013.807731)

Annamaria Colao †, Chiara Simeoli , Monica De Leo , Alessia Cozzolino , Rosario Pivonello

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5,

80131 Naples

, Italy +39 0817462132; +39 0815465443; colao@unina.it

†Author for correspondence

Introduction: Pasireotide, a novel multireceptor targeted somatostatin analog is the first drug approved for treatment of adult patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) for whom pituitary surgery is not an option or has not been curative.

Areas covered: The review describes published data on efficacy and safety of pasireotide in CD patients. In particular, the review focuses on a Phase III study (CSOM230B2305) evaluating the outcomes of treatment with pasireotide at the doses of 600 and 900 µg twice daily for 12 months in 162 CD patients. This clinical trial reported a decrease in urinary free cortisol levels in the majority of patients, with a substantial reduction in nearly half and a normalization in > 25% of patients included in the study, accompanied by an improvement in clinical picture as well as a significant reduction in pituitary tumor size. Hyperglycemia appears as the most important side effect, requiring a careful monitoring and a prompt administration of glucose-lowering medications.

Expert opinion: Pasireotide seems to have a promising role as medical option for CD patients who experienced a failure or not candidate for neurosurgery; its employment will probably induce in the near future significant changes in the therapeutic approach to CD.

Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/21678707.2013.807731

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