Filed under: adrenal | Tagged: abdominal pain, abstract, adrenal insufficiency, anorexia, CAH, children, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, congenital adrenal hypoplasia, fatal, fatigue, hyperpigmentation, hypotension, salt craving, weakness, weight loss | Leave a comment »
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (PAI)
Health Care Expenditure Burden High in Adrenal Insufficiency
Patients with adrenal insufficiency may accrue substantial health care costs and have more hospital stays and outpatient visits compared with healthy controls, according to findings published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society.
Candace Gunnarsson, PhD, vice president of health economics and outcomes research at CTI Clinical Trial and Consulting in Cincinnati, and colleagues evaluated data from a U.S.-based payer database on 10,383 patients with adrenal insufficiency to determine the estimated annual health care burden among them.
Participants were divided into groups based on their type of adrenal insufficiency: primary adrenal insufficiency (n = 1,014), adrenal insufficiency secondary to pituitary disease (n = 8,818) or congenital adrenal hyperplasia (n = 551). A group of matched controls was also evaluated for comparison.
Total annual health care expenditures were significantly higher in the primary adrenal insufficiency group ($18,624 vs. $4,320), adrenal insufficiency secondary to pituitary disease group ($32,218 vs. $6,956) and the congenital adrenal hyperplasia group ($7,677 vs. $4,203) compared with controls. The adrenal insufficiency secondary to pituitary disease group had the highest health care expenditure estimated with an incremental health care burden of $25,262, followed by the primary adrenal insufficiency group ($14,304) and the congenital adrenal hyperplasia group ($3,474).
Compared with controls, participants with adrenal insufficiency spent eight to 10 times more days in the hospital and had up to twice as many outpatient visits per year.
“When comparing [adrenal insufficiency] patients within each cohort based on their drug regimen, patients receiving prednisone therapy vs. hydrocortisone therapy had significantly higher total annual expenditures in the [primary adrenal insufficiency] and [congenital adrenal hyperplasia] and significantly lower total expenditures in the [pituitary disease] cohort,” the researchers wrote. “Patients taking only hydrocortisone and meeting the threshold of 50% adherence were found to have lower expenditures when medication adherence was 75% or higher.” – by Amber Cox
Disclosure: Gunnarsson reports being an employee of CTI Clinical Trial and Consulting. Please see the full study for a list of all other authors’ relevant financial disclosures.
Filed under: adrenal, pituitary, Treatments | Tagged: adrenal, adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal insufficiency, CAH, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hydrocortisone, pituitary, prednisone | Leave a comment »
Preclinical Data for ALD1613 at ENDO 2016
Alder BioPharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Alder”) (NASDAQ:ALDR), today announced that preclinical data on ALD1613, its anti-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) antibody for the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and Cushing’s disease, were presented today by Andrew L. Feldhaus, Ph.D., in a poster presentation at ENDO 2016, the Endocrine Society’s 98th Annual Meeting in Boston, Mass. The presentation entitled “A Novel Anti-ACTH Antibody (ALD1613) Neutralizes ACTH Activity and Reduces Glucocorticoids in Rats and Nonhuman Primates” was presented as a late-breaking abstract.
Key Points:
- In vitro, ALD1613 inhibits ACTH-induced cortisol secretion in a mouse adrenal cell line.
- ALD1613 administration in rats with artificially elevated ACTH and corticosterone levels resulted in a rapid and durable reduction of plasma corticosterone levels.
- In non-human primates, ALD1613 demonstrated stable and durable reductions in plasma cortisol levels by >50%.
Quote:
Randall C. Schatzman, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Alder, said, “Existing therapeutic options for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Cushing’s disease comprise treatments that provide limited disease control and involve significant side effects. We believe these limitations indicate a clear need for new therapies such as ALD1613, which targets ACTH to diminish the overproduction of cortisol. The data presented today demonstrate the capacity of ALD1613 to reduce corticosteroid levels in preclinical settings. We intend to use these studies as part of an IND filing that we plan to submit to the FDA in the second half of 2016.”
Filed under: Clinical trials, Cushing's, Treatments | Tagged: ACTH, adrenal, ALD1613, CAH, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, corticosterone, cortisol, Cushing's Disease, drugs, medications, meds, plasma corticosterone, treatments | Leave a comment »
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Current surgical management at academic medical centers in the United States
J Urol. 2015 May;193(5 Suppl):1796-801. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.11.008. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: current surgical management at academic medical centers in the United States.
Abstract
PURPOSE:
Controversy exists on the necessity for and timing of genitoplasty in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Our knowledge of surgical preferences is limited to retrospective series from single institutions and physician surveys, which suggest a high rate of early reconstruction. We evaluated current surgical treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia at academic centers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We queried the Faculty Practice Solutions Center database to identify all female patients younger than 18 years with a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia between 2009 and 2012. Procedures were identified by CPT codes for vaginoplasty, clitoroplasty and other genital procedures. Reconstruction type, age at surgery and surgeon volume were analyzed.
RESULTS:
We identified 2,614 females in the database with a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia who were seen at a total of 60 institutions. Of infants younger than 12 months between 2009 and 2011 as few as 18% proceeded to surgery within a 1 to 4-year followup. Of those referred to a pediatric urologist 46% proceeded to surgery. Of patients who underwent surgery before age 2 years clitoroplasty and vaginoplasty were performed in 73% and 89%, respectively, while 68% were treated with a combined procedure. A medium or high volume surgeon was involved in 63% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS:
Many patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the database did not proceed to early reconstructive surgery. Of those referred to surgeons, who were possibly the most virilized patients, about half proceeded to early surgery and almost all underwent vaginoplasty as a component of surgery. About two-thirds of the procedures were performed by medium or high volume surgeons, indicative of the surgical centralization of disorders of sexual development.
Copyright © 2015 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
adrenal glands; adrenal hyperplasia; congenital; disorders of sex development; reconstructive surgical procedures; virilism
- PMID:
- 25817160
- [PubMed – in process]
Filed under: adrenal, Rare Diseases | Tagged: abstract, adrenal glands, CAH, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, genitoplasty | Leave a comment »

