On Becoming Empowered

Posted on January 1, 2026 by MaryO

This is kind of a “cheat” post since it’s a compilation of other posts, web pages, message board posts and some original thoughts.  

For all of my early life, I was the good, compliant, patient.  I took whatever pills the doctor prescribed, did whatever tests h/she (most always a he) wrote for.  Believed that whatever he said was the absolute truth.  He had been to med school.  He knew what was wrong with me even though he didn’t live in my body 24/7 and experience what I did.

I know a lot of people are still like this.  Their doctor is like a god to them.  He can do no wrong – even if they don’t feel any better after treatment, even if they feel worse.  “But the doctor said…”

Anyway, I digress.

All this changed for me in 1983.

At first I noticed I’d stopped having my periods and, of course, I thought I was pregnant. I went to my Gynecologist who had no explanation. Lots of women lose their periods for a variety of reasons so no one thought that this was really significant.

Then I got really tired, overly tired. I would take my son to a half hour Choir rehearsal and could not stay awake for the whole time. I would lie down in the back of the van, set an alarm and sleep for the 30 minutes.

A whole raft of other symptoms started appearing – I grew a beard (Hirsuitism), gained weight even though I was on Weight Watchers and working out at the gym nearly every day, lost my period, everything hurt, got what is called a “moon face” and a “buffalo hump” on the back of my neck. I also got stretch marks. I was very depressed but it’s hard to say if that was because of the hormone imbalance or because I felt so bad and no one would listen to me.

I came across a little article in the Ladies Home Journal magazine which said “If you have these symptoms…ask your doctor about Cushing’s”. After that, I started reading everything I could on Cushing’s and asking my doctors. Due to all my reading at the library and medical books I bought, I was sure I had Cushing’s but no one would believe me. Doctors would say that Cushing’s Disease is too rare, that I was making this up and that I couldn’t have it.

I asked doctors for three years – PCP, gynecologist, neurologist, podiatrist – all said the now-famous refrain.  It’s too rare.  You couldn’t have Cushing’s.  I kept persisting in my reading, making copies of library texts even when I didn’t understand them, keeping notes.  I just knew that someone, somewhere would “discover” that I had Cushing’s.

My husband was on the doctors’ sides.  He was sure it was all in my mind (as opposed to all in my head!) and he told me to just think “happy thoughts” and it would all go away.

A Neurologist gave me Xanax. Since he couldn’t see my tumor with his Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine there was “no possibility” that it existed. Boy was he wrong!

Later in 1986 I started bruising incredibly easily. I could touch my skin and get a bruise. On New Year’s Day of 1987 I started bleeding under the skin. My husband made circles around the outside perimeter each hour with a marker, like the rings of a tree. When I went to my Internist the next day he was shocked at the size. He now thought I had a blood disorder so he sent me to a Hematologist/Oncologist.

Fortunately, the Hematologist/Oncologist ran a twenty-four hour urine test and really looked at me. Both he and his partner recognized that I had Cushing’s. Of course, he was sure that he did the diagnosis.  No matter that I had been pursuing this with other doctors for 3 years.

It was not yet determined if it was Cushing’s Disease (Pituitary) or Syndrome (Adrenal). However, he couldn’t help me any further so the Hematologist referred me to an Endocrinologist.

The Endocrinologist, of course, didn’t trust the other tests I had had done so I was back to square one. He ran his own multitude of tests. He had to draw blood at certain times like 9 AM. and 5 PM. There was a dexamethasone suppression test where I took a pill at 10 p.m. and gave blood at 9 am the next day. I collected gallons of urine in BIG boxes (Fun in the fridge!). Those were from 6 a.m. to 6 a.m. to be delivered to his office by 9 a.m. same day. I was always worried that I’d be stopped in rush hour and the police would ask about what was in that big container. I think I did those for a week. He also did standard neurological tests and asked lots of questions.

When the endo confirmed that I had Cushing’s in 1987 he sent me to a local hospital where they repeated all those same tests for another week and decided that it was not my adrenal gland (Cushing’s Syndrome) creating the problem. The doctors and nurses had no idea what to do with me, so they put me on the brain cancer ward.

When I left this hospital after a week, we didn’t know any more than we had before.

As luck would have it, NIH (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland) was doing a clinical trial of Cushing’s. I live in the same area as NIH so it was not too inconvenient but very scary at first to think of being tested there. At that time I only had a choice of NIH, Mayo Clinic and a place in Quebec to do this then-rare pituitary surgery called a Transsphenoidal Resection. I chose NIH – closest and free. After I was interviewed by the Doctors there, I got a letter that I had been accepted into the clinical trial. The first time I was there was for 6 weeks as an inpatient. More of the same tests.

There were about 12 of us there and it was nice not to be alone with this mystery disease. Many of these Cushies (mostly women) were getting bald, couldn’t walk, having strokes, had diabetes. One was blind, one had a heart attack while I was there. Towards the end of my testing period, I was looking forward to the surgery just to get this whole mess over with. While I was at NIH, I was gaining about a pound a day!

The MRI still showed nothing, so they did a Petrosal Sinus Sampling Test. That scared me more than the prospect of surgery. (This test carries the risk of stroke and uncontrollable bleeding from the incision points.) Catheters were fed from my groin area to my pituitary gland and dye was injected. I could watch the whole procedure on monitors. I could not move during this test or for several hours afterwards to prevent uncontrolable bleeding from a major artery. The test did show where the tumor probably was located. Also done were more sophisticated dexamethasone suppression tests where drugs were administered by IV and blood was drawn every hour (they put a heplock in my arm so they don’t have to keep sticking me). I got to go home for a weekend and then went back for the surgery – the Transsphenoidal Resection. I fully expected to die during surgery (and didn’t care if I did) so I signed my will and wrote last letters to those I wanted to say goodbye to. During the time I was home just before surgery, a college classmate of mine (I didn’t know her) did die at NIH of a Cushing’s-related problem. I’m so glad I didn’t find out until a couple months later!

November 3, 1987, the surgeon, Dr. Ed Oldfield, cut the gum above my front teeth under my upper lip so there is no scar. He used tiny tools and microscopes. My tumor was removed successfully. In some cases (not mine) the surgeon uses a plug of fat from the abdomen to help seal the cut. Afterwards, I was in intensive care overnight and went to a neurology ward for a few days until I could walk without being dizzy. I had some major headaches for a day or two but they gave me drugs (morphine) for those. Also, I had cotton plugs in my nostrils. It was a big day when they came out. I had diabetes insipidus (DI) for a little while, but that went away by itself – thank goodness!

I had to use a foam product called “Toothies” to brush my teeth without hitting the incision. Before they let me go home, I had to learn to give myself an injection in my thigh. They sent me home with a supply of injectible cortisone in case my level ever fell too low (it didn’t). I was weaned gradually off cortisone pills (scary). I now take no medications. I had to get a Medic Alert bracelet. I will always need to tell medical staff when I have any kind of procedure – the effects of my excess cortisone will remain forever.

I went back to the NIH for several follow-up visits of a week each where they did all the blood and urine testing again. After a few years NIH set me free. Now I go to my “outside” endocrinologist every year for the dexamethasone suppression test, 24-hour urine and regular blood testing.

As I get further away from my surgery, I have less and less chance that my tumor will grow back. I have never lost all the weight I gained and I still have the hair on my chin but most of my other symptoms are gone. I am still and always tired and need a nap most days. I do not, however, still need to take whole days off just to sleep.

I consider myself very lucky that I was treated before I got as bad as some of the others on my floor at NIH but think it is crazy that these symptoms are not taken seriously by doctors.

My story goes on and if you’re interested some is on this blog and some is here:

Forbes Magazine | MaryO’s bio | Cushing’s and Cancer Blog | Cushing’s Awareness Day Testimonial Archive |

Because of this experience in getting a Cushing’s diagnosis – and later, a prescription for growth hormone – I was concerned that there were probably other people not being diagnosed with Cushing’s. When I searched online for Cushing’s, all the sites that came up were for dogs and horses with Cushing’s.  Not what I was looking for!

In July of 2000, I was talking with my dear friend Alice, who ran a wonderful menopause site, Power Surge, wondering why there weren’t many support groups online (OR off!) for Cushing’s.  This thought percolated through my mind for a few hours and I realized that maybe this was my calling.  Maybe I should be the one to start a network of support for other “Cushies” to help them empower themselves.

I wanted to educate others about the awful disease that took doctors years of my life to diagnose and treat – even after I gave them the information to diagnose me.  I didn’t want anyone else to suffer for years like I did.  I wanted doctors to pay more attention to Cushing’s disease.

The first website (http://www.cushings-help.com) went “live” July 21, 2000.  It was just a single page of information. The message boards began September 30, 2000 with a simple message board which then led to a larger one, and a larger.  Today, in 2010, we have over 7 thousand members.  Some “rare disease”!

The message boards are stillactive and we have weekly online text chats, weekly live interviews, local meetings, conferences, email newsletters, a clothing exchange, a Cushing’s Awareness Day Forum, podcasts, phone support and much more. Because I wanted to spread the word to others not on “the boards” we have extended out to social networking sites – twitter groups, facebook groups, twines, friendfeeds, newsletters, websites, chat groups, multiply.com, and much, much more.

People are becoming more empowered and participating in their own diagnoses, testing and treatment.  This have changed a lot since 1983!

When I had my Cushing’s over 40 years ago (AARRGGHH!), I never thought that I would meet another Cushing’s patient in real life or online. Back then, I’d never even been aware that there was anything like an “online”. I’m so glad that people struggling with Cushing’s today don’t have to suffer anymore thinking that they’re the only one who deals with this.

Because of my work on the websites – and, believe me it is a ton of work! – I have had the honor of meeting over a hundred other Cushies personally at local meetings, conferences, at NIH (the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD where I had my final diagnosis and surgery). It occurred to me once that this is probably more than most endocrinologists will ever see in their entire career. I’ve also talked to countless others on the phone. Amazing for a “rare” disease!

I don’t know what pushed me in 1983, how I got the confidence and self-empowerment to challenge these doctors and their non-diagnoses over the years.  I’m glad that I didn’t suffer any longer than I did and I’m glad that I have a role in helping others to find the medical help that they need.

What do *YOU* think?  How are you becoming empowered?

Filed under: Clinical trials, Cushing's, General Health, Health Care, pituitary | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment »

Save the Date: Dueling Endocrinologists Discussing Hypothyroidism Diagnosis and treatment: Commonalities and Differences

Posted on September 10, 2025 by MaryO

 

  • Dr. Friedman will be joined by Brittany Henderson, MD, ECNU for an exciting GoodHormoneHeath Webinar on Dueling Academic-Based Endocrinologists discussing state-of-the-art hypothyroidism diagnosis and treatment: Commonalities and Differences

    Each expert will discuss the following topics:

  • How is mild hypothyroidism diagnosed?
  • Why are full thyroid panels and not just TSH needed?
  • What is the role of rT3?
  • How to optimally use all types of thyroid hormone including NDT
  • Why both conventional and alternative providers have it wrong?
  • They will briefly discuss the proposed ban on desiccated thyroid by the FDA.

Sunday • September 14• 5 PM PDT/ 8 PM EDT
Via Zoom Click here to join the meeting or
https://us06web.zoom.us/j/4209687343?omn=87459672811
OR
16694449171,,4209687343#
Slides and copy of the paper and the press release will be available before the webinar and recording after the meeting at slides
OR
Join on Facebook Live – https://www.facebook.com/goodhormonehealth at 5 PMPDT/ 8 PM EDT

Your phone/computer will be muted on entry. There will be plenty of time for questions using the chat button.

Filed under: Meetings and Conferences, Webinar | Tagged: , , , | Leave a comment »

New Advances For Treating Complex Pituitary Tumors

Posted on May 20, 2025 by MaryO

Pituitary tumors can vary widely in severity, with some requiring surgical intervention. While certain pituitary tumors are more straightforward to remove, those that extend beyond the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (MWCS) are considered complex. A delicate region near the pituitary gland, the MWCS contains critical structures like cranial nerves and the carotid artery, which present additional surgical challenges.

Historically, surgeons avoided entering the cavernous sinus due to the risk of damaging these vital structures, but new advancements have made it possible to remove tumors more effectively and safely. Innovative surgical techniques, such as endoscopic endonasal approaches, are allowing neurosurgeons to navigate these delicate areas with greater precision and confidence than ever before.

Neurosurgeon Dr. Kaisorn Chaichana, who has performed well over 100 such procedures at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, says, “The latest advancements in pituitary surgery are driven by improved camera optics. Angled scopes now let us see around corners, helping us distinguish the pituitary gland from the tumor with far greater precision than traditional microscopes. Doppler and ultrasound also allow us to identify critical structures like the carotid artery, ensuring safer, more complete tumor removal.”

If a tumor that extends into the MWCS is not removed, it may continue producing excessive hormones, leaving patients with persistent symptoms. “It’s almost as if they didn’t have surgery at all because there’s still that tumor there causing that hormonal imbalance. That’s why achieving total removal is so critical for long-term success,” said Dr. Chaichana.

Although the procedure is not entirely new, widespread adoption is relatively recent, and only a few institutions perform this surgery regularly. The complexity of the procedure requires expert knowledge of the surrounding anatomy, as well as careful coordination between neurosurgeons, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists, and post-operative care led by an endocrinologist. “The cavernous sinus is an area a lot of surgeons aren’t comfortable with, and that’s why we specialize in that surgery here,” added Dr. Chaichana. Mayo Clinic’s multidisciplinary approach has improved patient outcomes, allowing for safer tumor removal with reduced complications.

For patients with recurrent tumors or those initially deemed inoperable, re-evaluating surgical options at a specialized center may provide new hope. If the tumor is confined to one side of the carotid artery, surgeons can often achieve a complete resection. However, if it extends beyond this point, additional treatments such as radiation or medical therapy may be required.

Patients facing pituitary surgery should seek a neurosurgeon with experience in endoscopic techniques at a specialized facility with extensive expertise in pituitary tumor treatment.

Choosing the right surgical team can significantly impact outcomes, particularly for complex cases. While not all tumors require MWCS resection, for those that do, this approach offers a path to better surgical success and long-term remission. With ongoing advancements in pituitary surgery, more patients than ever have access to safer, more effective treatment options.

For more information or to request an appointment, please visit Pituitary Tumor Care – Mayo Clinic

Filed under: Cushing's, pituitary, Treatments | Tagged: , , , , , , | Leave a comment »

Insights on Diagnosing and Managing Cushing’s Syndrome

Posted on August 18, 2024 by MaryO

Cushing’s syndrome, or endogenous hypercortisolemia, is a rare condition that both general practice clinicians and endocrinologists should be prepared to diagnose and treat. Including both the pituitary and adrenal forms of the disease, the Endocrine Society estimates that the disorder affects 10 to 15 people per million every year in the United States. It is more common in women and occurs most often in people between the ages of 20 and 50.

Even though Cushing’s remains a rare disease, cortisol recently made waves at the American Diabetes Association 84th Scientific Session. A highlight of the meeting was the initial presentation of data from the CATALYST trial, which assessed the prevalence of hypercortisolism in patients with difficult-to-control type 2 diabetes (A1c 7.5+).

CATALYST is a prospective, Phase 4 study with two parts. In the prevalence phase, 24% of 1,055 enrolled patients had hypercortisolism, defined as an overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST) value greater than 1.8 µg/dL and dexamethasone levels greater than 140 µg/dL. Results of CATALYST’s randomized treatment phase are expected in late 2024.

Elena Christofides, MD, FACE, founder of Endocrinology Associates, Inc., in Columbus, OH, believes the CATALYST results will be a wake-up call for both physicians and patients seeking to advocate for their own health. “This means that nearly 1 in 4 patients with type 2 diabetes have some other underlying hormonal/endocrine dysfunction as the reason for their diabetes, or significant contribution to their diabetes, and they should all be screened,” she said. “All providers need to get comfortable with diagnosing and treating hypercortisolemia, and you need to do it quickly because patients are going to pay attention as well.”

In Dr. Christofides’ experience, patients who suspect they have a hormonal issue may start with their primary care provider or they may self-refer to an endocrinologist. “A lot of Cushing’s patients are getting diagnosed and treated in primary care, which is completely appropriate. But I’ve also met endocrinologists who are uncomfortable diagnosing and managing Cushing’s because it is so rare,” she said. “The important thing is that the physician is comfortable with Cushing’s or is willing to put in the work get comfortable with it.”

According to Dr. Christofides, the widespread popular belief that “adrenal fatigue” is causing millions of Americans to feel sick, tired, and debilitated may be creating barriers to care for people who may actually have Cushing’s. “As physicians, we know that adrenal fatigue doesn’t exist, but we should still be receptive to seeing patients who raise that as a concern,” said Dr. Christofides. “We need to acknowledsalige their lived experience as being very real and it can be any number of diseases causing very real symptoms. If we don’t see these patients, real cases of hypercortisolemia could be left undiagnosed and untreated.”

Dr. Christofides, who also serves as a MedCentral Editor-at-Large, said she reminds colleagues that overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST) should always be the first test when you suspect Cushing’s. “While technically a screening test, the ODST can almost be considered diagnostic, depending on how abnormal the result is,” she noted. “But I always recommend that you do the ODST, the ACTH, a.m. cortisol, and the DHEAS levels at the same time because it allows you to differentiate more quickly between pituitary and adrenal problems.”

Dr. Christofides does see a place for 24-hour urine collection and salivary cortisol testing at times when diagnosing and monitoring patients with Cushing’s. “The 24-hour urine is only positive in ACTH-driven Cushing’s, so an abnormal result can help you identify the source, but too many physicians erroneously believe you can’t have Cushing’s if the 24-hour urine is normal,” she explained. “Surgeons tend to want this test before they operate and it’s a good benchmark for resolution of pituitary disease.” She reserves salivary cortisol testing for cases when the patient’s ODST is negative, but she suspects Cushing’s may be either nascent or cyclical.

Surgical resection has long been considered first-line treatment in both the pituitary and adrenal forms of Cushing’s. For example, data shared from Massachusetts General Hospital showed that nearly 90% of patients with microadenomas did not relapse within a 30-year period. A recent study found an overall recurrence rate of about 25% within a 10-year period. When reoperation is necessary, remission is achieved in up to 80% of patients.

As new medications for Cushing’s syndrome have become available, Dr. Christofides said she favors medical intervention prior to surgery. “The best part about medical therapy is you can easily stop it if you’re wrong,” she noted. “I would argue that every patient with confirmed Cushing’s deserves nonsurgical medical management prior to a consideration of surgery to improve their comorbidities and surgical risk management, and give time to have a proper informed consent discussion.”

In general, medications to treat Cushing’s disease rely on either cortisol production blockade or receptor blockade, said Dr. Christofides. Medications that directly limit cortisol production include ketoconazole, osilodrostat (Isturisa), mitotane (Lysodren), levoketoconazole (Recorlev), and metyrapone (Metopirone). Mifepristone (Korlym, Mifeprex) is approved for people with Cushing’s who also have type 2 diabetes to block the effects of cortisol. Mifepristone does not lower the amount of cortisol the body makes but limits its effects. Pasireotide (Signifor) lowers the amount of ACTH from the tumor. Cabergoline is sometimes used off-label in the US for the same purpose.

Following surgery, people with Cushing’s need replacement steroids until their adrenal function resumes, when replacement steroids must be tapered. But Dr. Christofides said she believes that all physicians who prescribe steroids should have a clear understanding of when and how to taper patients off steroids.

“Steroid dosing for therapeutic purposes is cumulative in terms of body exposure and the risk of needing to taper. A single 2-week dose of steroids in a year does not require a taper,” she said. “It’s patients who are getting repeated doses of more than 10 mg of prednisone equivalent per day for 2 or more weeks multiple times per year who are at risk of adrenal failure without tapering.”

Physicians often underestimate how long a safe, comfortable taper can take, per Dr. Christofides. “It takes 6 to 9 months for the adrenals to wake up so if you’re using high-dose steroids more frequently, that will cause the patient to need more steroids more frequently,” she explained. “If you’re treating an illness that responds to steroids and you stop them without tapering, the patient’s disease will flare, and then a month from then to 6 weeks from then you’ll be giving them steroids again, engendering a dependence on steroids by doing so.”

When developing a steroid taper plan for postoperative individuals with Cushing’s (and others), Dr. Christofides suggests basing it on the fact that 5 mg of prednisone or its equivalent is the physiologic dose. “Reduce the dose by 5 mg per month until you get to the last 5 mg, and then you’re going to reduce it by 1 mg monthly until done,” she said. “If a patient has difficulty during that last phase, consider a switch to hydrocortisone because a 1 mg reduction of hydrocortisone at a time may be easier to tolerate.”

Prednisone, hydrocortisone, and the other steroids have different half-lives, so you’ll need to plan accordingly, adds Dr. Christofides. “If you do a slower taper using hydrocortisone, the patient might feel worse than with prednisone unless you prescribe it BID.” She suggests thinking of the daily prednisone equivalent of hydrocortisone as 30 mg to allow for divided dosing, rather than the straight 20 mg/day conversion often used.

What happens after a patient’s Cushing’s has been successfully treated? Cushing’s is a chronic disease, even in remission, Dr. Christofides emphasized. “Once you have achieved remission, my general follow-up is to schedule visits every 6 months to a year with scans and labs, always with the instruction if the patient feels symptomatic, they should come in sooner,” she said.

More on Cushing’s diagnosis and therapies.

https://www.medcentral.com/endocrinology/cushings-syndrome-a-clinical-update

Filed under: adrenal, adrenal crisis, Cushing's, Diagnostic Testing, pituitary, Treatments | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment »

Day 3: Cushing’s Awareness Challenge

Posted on April 3, 2024 by MaryO

me-tired

Sleep.  Naps.  Fatigue, Exhaustion.  I still have them all.  I wrote on my bio in 1987 after my pituitary surgery “I am still and always tired and need a nap most days. I do not, however, still need to take whole days off just to sleep.”

That seems to be changing back, at least on the weekends.  A recent weekend, both days, I took 7-hour naps each day and I still woke up tired. That’s awfully close to taking a whole day off to sleep again.

In 2006, I flew to Chicago, IL for a Cushing’s weekend in Rockford.  Someone else drove us to Lake Geneva, Wisconsin for the day.  Too much travel, too Cushie, whatever, I was too tired to stay awake.  I actually had put my head down on the dining room table and fallen asleep but our hostess suggested the sofa instead.  Amazing that I traveled that whole distance – and missed the main event 😦

This sleeping thing really impacts my life.  Between piano lessons, I take a nap.  I sleep as late as possible in the mornings and afternoons are pretty much taken up by naps.  I nod off at night during TV. One time I came home between church services and missed the third service because I fell asleep.

I only TiVo old tv shows that I can watch and fall asleep to since I already know the ending.

Since  mid-February, I have been doing physical therapy twice a week for 2 hours at a time for a knee injury (read more about that in Bees Knees).  I come home from that exhausted – and in more pain than I went.  I know it’s working and my knee is getting better, but it’s such a time and energy sapper.  Neither of which I can really spare.

Maybe now that I’m nearly 10  years out from my kidney cancer (May 9, 2006) I could theoretically go back on Growth Hormone again.  My surgeon says he “thinks” it’s ok.  I’m sort of afraid to ask my endo about it, though.  I want to feel better and get the benefits of the GH again but I don’t want any type of cancer again and I certainly can’t afford to lose another kidney.

I’ll probably just muddle through without it.  I always laugh when I see that commercial online for something called Serovital.  I saw it in Costco the other day and it mentions pituitary right on the package.  I wish I could take the people buying this, sit them down and tell them not to mess with their pituitary glands.  But I won’t.  I’ll take a nap instead because I’m feeling so old and weary today, and yesterday.

And tomorrow…

Filed under: Cancer, Cushing's, pituitary, symptoms | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment »

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